ARCHIVE

16.10.2011 | 1:36 PM

Type 2 deiodinase at the crossroads of thyroid hormone action. PMID: 21679772

Thyroid hormone action can be customized on a cell-specific fashion through the controlled action of the deiodinase group of enzymes, which are homodimeric thioredoxin fold containing selenoproteins. Whereas the type II deiodinase (D2) initiates thyroid hormone signaling by activating the pro-hormone thyroxine (T4) to the biologically active T3 molecule, the type III deiodinase (D3) terminates […]

15.09.2011 | 10:00 AM

Cracking the metabolic code for TH signaling. PMID: 21712363

Cells are not passive bystanders in the process of hormonal signaling and instead can actively customize hormonal action. Thyroid hormone gains access to the intracellular environment via membrane transporters, and while diffusing from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, thyroid hormone signaling is modified via the action of the deiodinases. Although the type 2 deiodinase […]

09.09.2011 | 11:09 AM

Cracking the Metabolic Code for Thyroid Hormone Signaling.

Abstract Cells are not passive bystanders in the process of hormonal signaling and instead can actively customize hormonal action. Thyroid hormone gains access to the intracellular environment via membrane transporters, and while diffusing from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, thyroid hormone signaling is modified via the action of the deiodinases. Although the type 2 […]

27.06.2011 | 2:18 PM

Minireview: Cracking the Metabolic Code for Thyroid Hormone Signaling.

Cells are not passive bystanders in the process of hormonal signaling and instead can actively customize hormonal action. Thyroid hormone gains access to the intracellular environment via membrane transporters, and while diffusing from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, thyroid hormone signaling is modified via the action of the deiodinases. Although the type 2 deiodinase […]

17.06.2011 | 10:15 AM

Thyroid Hormone and the Neuroglia: Both Source and Target.

Thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system. In order to bind to its nuclear receptor and regulate gene transcription thyroxine needs to be activated in the brain. This activation occurs via conversion of thyroxine to T3, which is catalyzed by the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) in […]

27.03.2011 | 2:27 PM

Crossing the Hurdles of Thyroid Hormone Receptor – Activation.

Thyroid hormone acts in virtually every biological sys- tem in vertebrates by controlling the expression of dif- ferent sets of genes. To achieve this, thyroid hormone inter- acts with two receptors (TR), TR and TR , located in the nucleus of its target cells, which turn gene transcription on or off and thus mediate the […]

09.05.2009 | 2:00 PM

For Some, L-Thyroxine Replacement Might Not Be Enough: A Genetic Rationale.

Although the thyroid gland secretes a very small amount of active thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine or T ), the major circulating form is thyroxine (T4), and it is widely accepted that thyroid hormone replacement in patients with hypothyroid- ism can be fully accomplished with L-T4 monotherapy [see 1995 American Thyroid Association guidelines (Ref. 1)]. The mech- […]

29.12.2008 | 10:00 AM

Deiodinases and thyroid hormone action.

The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, research has focused on their role in preserving serum levels of the biologically active molecule T3 during iodine deficiency. More recently, a fascinating new role of these enzymes has been unveiled. […]

12.04.2008 | 10:00 AM

Reawakened interest for type 3 deiodinase during illness.

Thyroid hormones influence gene expression in virtually all vertebrate tissues. Precise regulation of the active endogenous ligand, 3,5,3′- triiodothyronine (T3), is achieved by the sequential removal of iodine moieties from the thyroid hormone molecule. Type III iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) is the major inactivating enzyme terminating the action of T3 and preventing activation of the prohormone, […]

23.11.2007 | 10:38 AM

Reawakened interest in type III iodothyronine deiodinase in critical illness and injury.

Thyroid hormones influence gene expression in virtually all vertebrate tissues. Precise regulation of the active endogenous ligand, 3,5,3′- triiodothyronine (T3), is achieved by the sequential removal of iodine moieties from the thyroid hormone molecule. Type III iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) is the major inactivating enzyme terminating the action of T3 and preventing activation of the prohormone, […]