ARCHIVE

09.04.2009 | 9:35 AM

Serum Bile Acids Are Higher in Humans With Prior Gastric Bypass: Potential Contribution to Improved Glucose and Lipid Metabolism.

The multifactorial mechanisms promoting weight loss and improved metabolism following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB) surgery remain incompletely understood. Recent rodent studies suggest that bile acids can mediate energy homeostasis by activating the G-protein coupled receptor TGR5 and the type 2 thyroid hormone deiodinase. Altered gastrointestinal anatomy following GB could affect enterohepatic recirculation of bile acids. […]

23.03.2009 | 2:06 PM

Triumphs of the Thyroid Despite Lesser Conversion.

In a seemingly wasteful fashion, the thyroid gland focuses its effort into secreting an inactive version of thyroid hormone T4. In fact, a hormone, from the Greek word for impulse, is a biologically active molecule, so in the case of thyroid hormone, the actual active hormone is that of the triply iodinated derivative, T3 . […]

02.02.2009 | 11:51 AM

Mice lacking brain-type creatine kinase activity show defective thermoregulation.

Thyroid hormone binds to nuclear receptors and regulates gene transcription. Here we report that in mice, at around the first day of life, there is a transient surge in hepatocyte type 2 deiodinase (D2) that activates the prohormone thyroxine to the active hormone triiodothyronine, modifying the expression of ∼165 genes involved in broad aspects of […]

29.12.2008 | 10:00 AM

Deiodinases and thyroid hormone action.

The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, research has focused on their role in preserving serum levels of the biologically active molecule T3 during iodine deficiency. More recently, a fascinating new role of these enzymes has been unveiled. […]

19.12.2008 | 10:24 AM

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Deiodinase-Regulated Thyroid Hormone Signaling.

The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, re- search has focused on their role in preserving serum levels of the biologically active molecule T3 during iodine deficiency. More recently, a fascinating new role of these enzymes has been […]

17.09.2008 | 10:55 AM

Differential Effects of Refeeding on Melanocortin-Responsive Neurons in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus.

To explore the effect of refeeding on recovery of TRH gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and its correlation with the feeding-related neuropep- tides in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), c-fos immunoreactivity (IR) in the PVN and ARC 2 h after refeeding and hypothalamic TRH, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA levels […]

17.07.2008 | 10:47 AM

Deiodinase-mediated thyroid hormone inactivation minimizes thyroid hormone signaling in the early development of fetal skeleton.

Thyroid hormone (TH) plays a key role on post-natal bone development and metabolism, while its relevance during fetal bone development is uncertain. To study this, pregnant mice were made hypothyroid and fetuses harvested at embryonic days (E) 12.5, 14.5, 16.5 and 18.5. Despite a marked reduction in fetal tissue concentration of both T4 and T3, […]

17.06.2008 | 11:01 AM

The Thyroid Hormone Inactivating Deiodinase Functions as Homodimer.

To explore the effect of refeeding on recovery of TRH gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and its correlation with the feeding-related neuropep- tides in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), c-fos immunoreactivity (IR) in the PVN and ARC 2 h after refeeding and hypothalamic TRH, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA levels […]

08.05.2008 | 11:32 AM

Expression Patterns of WSB-1 and USP-33 Underlie Cell-Specific Posttranslational Control of Type 2 Deiodinase in the Rat Brain.

The type 2 deiodinase (D2) activates thyroid hormone and constitutes an important source of 3,5,3 ,-triiodothyronine in the brain. D2 is inactivated via WSB-1 mediated ubiquitina- tion but can be rescued from proteasomal degradation by USP-33 mediated deubiquitination. Using an in silico analysis of published array data, we found a significant positive cor- relation between […]

08.05.2008 | 11:25 AM

Thyroid Function Disturbance and Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Induction after Myocardial Infarction in Rats—A Time Course Study.

In humans, there is a significant decrease in serum T3 and increase in rT3 at different time points after myocardial in- farction, whereas serum TSH and T4 remain unaltered. We report here a time course study of pituitary-thyroid function and thyroid hormone metabolism in rats subjected to myo- cardial infarction by left coronary ligation (INF). […]