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26.08.2009 | 10:12 AM
A TRb-selective agonist confers resistance to diet-induced obesity.
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Thyroid hormone receptor b (TRb also listed as THRB on the MGI Database)-selective agonists activate brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis, while only minimally affecting cardiac activity or lean body mass. Here, we tested the hypothesis that daily administration of the TRb agonist GC- 24 prevents the metabolic alterations associated with a hypercaloric diet. Rats were […]

03.08.2009 | 9:53 AM
The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TEB4 Mediates Degradation of Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase.
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The endoplasmic reticulum resident thyroid hormone-activating type 2 deiodinase (D2) is inactivated by ubiquitination via the hedgehog-inducible WSB-1. Ubiquitinated D2 can then be subsequently taken up by the proteasomal system or be reactivated by USP-33/20-mediated deubiquitination. Given that heterologously expressed D2 accumulates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae lacking the E3 ligase Doa10, we tested whether the human […]

09.06.2009 | 2:11 PM
Covering the Base-Pairs in Iodothyronine Deiodinase-1 Biology: Holes Remain in the Lineup.
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Deiodinases are well known to thyroid aficionados as enzymes that can activate product of the thyroid gland, by converting it to 3,5,30- triiodothyironine (T3), the molecule ultimately responsible for thyroid hormone–regulated gene transcription. For about 40 years now, it has been well documented that most circulating T3 (>80% in humans) originates from outside of the […]

06.06.2009 | 12:00 PM
Mice lacking Pctp/StarD2 exhibit increased adaptive thermogenesis and enlarged mitochondria in brown adipose tissue.
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Pctp/mice that lack phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (Pctp) exhibit a marked shift toward utilization of fatty acids for oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that Pctp may regulate the entry of fatty acyl-CoAs into mito- chondria. Here, we examined the influence of Pctp expres- sion on the function and structure of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a mitochondrial-rich, oxidative tissue […]

09.04.2009 | 9:35 AM
Serum Bile Acids Are Higher in Humans With Prior Gastric Bypass: Potential Contribution to Improved Glucose and Lipid Metabolism.
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The multifactorial mechanisms promoting weight loss and improved metabolism following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GB) surgery remain incompletely understood. Recent rodent studies suggest that bile acids can mediate energy homeostasis by activating the G-protein coupled receptor TGR5 and the type 2 thyroid hormone deiodinase. Altered gastrointestinal anatomy following GB could affect enterohepatic recirculation of bile acids. […]

23.03.2009 | 2:06 PM
Triumphs of the Thyroid Despite Lesser Conversion.
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In a seemingly wasteful fashion, the thyroid gland focuses its effort into secreting an inactive version of thyroid hormone T4. In fact, a hormone, from the Greek word for impulse, is a biologically active molecule, so in the case of thyroid hormone, the actual active hormone is that of the triply iodinated derivative, T3 . […]

02.02.2009 | 11:51 AM
Mice lacking brain-type creatine kinase activity show defective thermoregulation.
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Thyroid hormone binds to nuclear receptors and regulates gene transcription. Here we report that in mice, at around the first day of life, there is a transient surge in hepatocyte type 2 deiodinase (D2) that activates the prohormone thyroxine to the active hormone triiodothyronine, modifying the expression of ∼165 genes involved in broad aspects of […]

19.12.2008 | 10:24 AM
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Deiodinase-Regulated Thyroid Hormone Signaling.
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The iodothyronine deiodinases initiate or terminate thyroid hormone action and therefore are critical for the biological effects mediated by thyroid hormone. Over the years, re- search has focused on their role in preserving serum levels of the biologically active molecule T3 during iodine deficiency. More recently, a fascinating new role of these enzymes has been […]

17.09.2008 | 10:55 AM
Differential Effects of Refeeding on Melanocortin-Responsive Neurons in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus.
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To explore the effect of refeeding on recovery of TRH gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and its correlation with the feeding-related neuropep- tides in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), c-fos immunoreactivity (IR) in the PVN and ARC 2 h after refeeding and hypothalamic TRH, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA levels […]